昆虫卵黄蛋白分子进化的研究进展

Research progress in molecular evolution of yolk proteins in insects

卵黄原蛋白(Vg)、卵黄多肽(YP)和小卵黄蛋白(minor YP)是昆虫三类主要的卵黄蛋白,它们之间的同源性一直是研究的重点。本文根据已经解析的Vg,YP和minor YP的氨基酸序列,采用序列比对和系统树分析的方法,并结合国内外对三者同源性研究的基础,对其进化关系进行了分析。结果表明,Vg,YP和minor YP是三类具有不同进化祖先的卵黄蛋白,它们的氨基酸序列相似性较低。Vg在系统进化过程中最为保守,与人类的血清载脂蛋白B(ApoB)具有较高的同源性;YP与脊椎动物的肝脂酶和胰脂酶具有较高的同源性;而minor YP与脊椎动物胃脂肪酶和舌脂肪酶具有较高的同源性。同时,对三者的分子特性做了简单的介绍。

Vitellogenins, cyclorraphan yolk polypeptides and lepidopteran minor yolk proteins are main three classes of yolk proteins in insects, and evolutionary relationships among them are always the key problems for study. This paper explored the molecular evolution relationships within and among three yolk proteins based on their sequence data retrieved from the NCBI protein database through alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Combined with what have been achieved for their evolutionary relationships, we concluded that vitellogenins are well conserved in insects, showing similarity to the vertebrate apolipoprotein B; yolk polypeptides are related to vertebrate hepatic and pancreatic lipases but lost their functions in phylogenesis, while minor yolk proteins are related to a family of lipases containing vertebrate gastric lipases and lingual lipases. In addition, molecular characteristics of three yolk proteins were also summarized.