浅析《论语》中士与道的关系

Analysis on the Relation between Scholars and Dao in "Analects of Confucius"

《论语》中"士志于道"是"士"鲜明的品格,这种品格亦可看作士的基本属性。士不同于一般社会成员,他们能超越自身经济地位的狭隘限制,而有坚定执着的志向。概括地讲,这种以道自任的精神表现在以天下为己任的博大胸襟、强烈的参政意识、严格的道德自律。而其中士与道的关系可以从以下几个方面来说明:为了道,士应该不计较自己的富贵贫贱,不贪图物质生活的享乐;为了道,士应该不计较个人的境遇是否顺遂;对"士"来说,"道"重于生命。

＂Scholar aspiration to Dao＂ is a distinct character of ＂scholars＂ in ＂Analects of Confucius＂. This kind of character is also taken as scholar＇ s inherent character. The scholar is unlike the general member of society, who can exceed the narrow restriction of his own economic status and has persistent and tenacious aspiration. Generally speaking, this spirit shows： vast span of mind taking the development of the world as his own task; intense participation in political affairs; strict morality and serf-consciousness. But the relation of scholars and Dao can be summarized as follows： for Dao scholars should not focus their attention on wealth and honors do not seek for material enjoyment and comforts, put aside personal gains and losses. In the final analysis, for scholars, Dao is heavier than life.