日本“水俣病”的社会学研究

The Sociological Research on "Minamata Disease" in Japan

20世纪五六十年代,日本出现的"水俣病"等公害事件是环境恶化的主要标志。日本社会学界围绕"水俣病"事件及其引发的社会问题展开了学术研究,为事件的最终解决和环境改善发挥了重要作用。"水俣病"的社会学研究成果涉及弱势群体、社会结构、性别、社会和文化方面。近年来,一些学者通过对"水俣病"案例的反思,开始研究环境治理的动力机制,以促使政府改进环境治理的政策和措施。这是日本环境社会学发展到成熟阶段的一种表现。

In the 1950s and 1960s, 'Minamata Disease' and other pollution incidents mark environmental deterioration in Japan. The sociologists carry out research on 'Minamata Disease'and social problems caused by it. Such research plays an important role in finding out the ultimate solution to these incidents and environmental improvement.Through the analysis of the literature, the achivements can be summed up as follows: the underprivileged, social structure, gender, society and culture, and environmental social movements. In recent years, some shcolars, reflection on the case of 'Minamata Disease', begin to study the mechanism of environmental governance in order to promote the government to improve the policies and measures on environmental governance, which indicates the mature development stage of Japanese environmental sociology.