水稻新品种盐粳188形态特征及生理基础研究

Study on Morphological Traits and Physiological Basis of New Rice Variety Yanjing 188

以北方粳稻品种金珠1号、辽粳9号为对照,研究了高产优质水稻新品种盐粳188的形态特征和生理基础。结果表明:盐粳188有效穗数比辽粳9号多14.5%,穗粒数比金珠1号多28.7%,总库容量比金珠1号、辽粳9号高25.88%和23.08%;茎基部茎鞘干物质量比金珠1号、辽粳9号重5.06%和13.49%,叶面积比金珠1号、辽粳9号高37.91%和41.39%,消光系数比金珠1号、辽粳9号低42.22%和60%;叶绿素下降幅度比金珠1号、辽粳9号小5.09%和4.82%,并且后期根系伤流强度下降较慢。单位面积总干物质量齐穗期盐粳188比金珠1号、辽粳9号高14.15%和15.08%,成熟期高13.82%和17.7%,增加量高17.89%和2.78%;齐穗至成熟期CGR比金珠1号、辽粳9号高19.82%和2.71%。盐粳188库大源足、株型较好,生育后期功能叶叶绿素含量较高、根系活力旺盛,干物质积累与生产能力较强,具有高产品种应有的形态特征和生理基础,并有较大的增产潜力。

An experiment was carried out to study the morphological traits and physiological basis of Yanjing 188, a new rice variety, as compared with Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9, the controls. The results showed that the effective panicles of Yanjing 188 were 14.5% more than liaojing 9 and grains per panicle were 28.7% higher than Jinzhu 1, and the total storages were 25.88% and 23.08% higher than Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9, respectively. Compared with Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9, culm and sheath dry matters at basal stem of Yanjing 188 increased by 5.06% and 13.49%, the LAI increased by 37.91% and 41.39%, but the extinction coefficients decreased by 5.09% and 4.82% and chlorophyll contents decreased by 5.09% and 4.82%. Total dry matter amount per unit planting area were 14.15% and 15.08% higher than Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9 at full heading stage, and 13.82% and 17.70% at maturity. The CGR from full heading to maturity of Yanjing 188 was 19.82% and 2.71% higher than Jinzhu 1 and Liaojing 9. Therefore, Yanjing 188 is a high-yielding variety with large sink and abundant source, high chlorophyll content of leaf at late stage, vigorous roots system and strong dry matter production ability.