碰撞检测技术与虚拟坦克仿真训练

Technique of collision detection and simulated virtual tank training

虚拟坦克仿真训练作为一个虚拟现实系统,需要研究和解决碰撞检测问题,三维物体间的碰撞检测是实现虚拟现实系统沉浸性的重要问题。在坦克虚拟驾驶模拟器视景系统中,坦克与其它地面车辆、建筑物、树木的碰撞,坦克在战场地形上的跟随地形起伏运动,以及坦克在开炮过程中炮弹击中目标或炮弹落点的检测,归根结底都可以看作是视景中物体与物体之间的碰撞检测。从数学上说,碰撞检测表现为两个多面体的求交问题,数学求解并不成问题,但是,在实时仿真中对碰撞检测算法提出了实时性要求。为满足实时性的要求,很有必要对碰撞检测模型进行优化和简化。

As a virtual reality system, the simulated virtual training system for tank drivers has to exercise issues like collision detection. Detection of collision between three-dimensional objects plays a central role in the realization of the immersion of virtual reality systems. In the visual system of the virtual tank-driving simulator, all the following issues such as collision between tanks and other vehicles, buildings or trees, upward and downward movements of tanks following the landscape of battlefield, and the detection of whether cannonballs hit targets or their landing points, can be regarded as detection of collision between objects visually after all. From the view of mathematics, collision detection appears as finding intersection sets of two polyhedrons. Consequently, it is not difficult to work out solutions mathematically. In real-time simulation, however, algorithms of collision detection have to satisfy requirements associated with real-time operation. To make that into reality, it is necessary to optimize and simplify models of collision detection.