管理效率、技术进步与生产率增长——基于中美航空公司的比较

Management Efficiency,Technique Upgrade and Productivity Improvement——Based on Comparison Research of Chinese and American Airline Industry

运用Malmquist生产率指数方法,对中美15个航空公司2000—2006年期间的全要素生产率的变化作了测算与对比。分析结果显示,2000—2006年这些公司的生产效率总体上都有所提高,中国航空公司的全要素生产率的平均增长率为4.3%,美国的平均增长率为6.1%;综合效率改善与技术进步对中美两国航空公司生产率的影响程度并不相同,美国航空公司的主要驱动因素为技术变革与创新,中国航空公司的发展动力主要为对已有技术的运用以及组织管理效率的提升。中国航空公司全要素生产率水平的提高,除继续强调综合效率的重要性之外,也要进一步加强对技术进步的重视。

A comparison research was carried out on total factor productivity of Chinese and American 15 airlines using the Malmqnist index over the period 2000- 2006. The results indicated that the average TFP total factor productivity of both increased. The average increasing rate of TFP total factor productivity for the Chinese airlines was 4.3%, for the American 6.1%. The efficiency improvement and the technology progress produced different effect on the airlines in either country. The major prornoting force for the American airlines was the technology progress, but the efficiency improvement was the master one for China. Further attention needs to be taken in technology progress for Chinese airlines to enhance their productivity, and efficiency improvement should be thought much at the same time.