生物有机冲施肥对西瓜生长和果实品质的影响

Effects of Bio-organic Watering Manure on Growth and Fruit Quality of Field Watermelon

以西瓜(品种欣大)为供试材料,采用田间试验的方法,研究了生物有机冲施肥对西瓜生长和果实品质的影响。结果表明:施用生物有机冲施肥明显促进了西瓜的营养生长和生殖生长,瓜藤粗壮,叶片大而多,光合面积大,生长旺盛,地上部生物量大;增加了果实的横径和纵径,单瓜重显著提高,产量大幅度提高,比对照和常规施肥分别增产40%和11%。施用生物有机冲施肥明显改善了西瓜果实的品质,可溶性糖含量、可溶性固形物含量以及Vc含量均比对照和常规施肥的高,硝态氮含量显著低于常规施肥。生物有机冲施肥减少了炭疽病、枯萎病和蔓枯病的发生,有效提高了西瓜的抗病性。

The field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of bio-organic watering manure on growth and fruit quality of field watermelon. The results showed that-The application of bio-organic fertilizer obviously promoted the vegetative and reproductive growth of the field watermelon. The wine was stronger than that of control and tranditional fertilization. The leaf amounts, the area of the biggest leaf and above-ground biomass were also more than that of control. No-organic watering manure increased the fruit thwartwise dia and lengthways dia. So the yield increased by 40% and 11G compared with the control and tranditional fertilization. The application of No-organic fertilizer significantly im- proved the quality of watermelon fruit. It significantly increased soluble sugar content, soluble solids content and Vc content, but decreased nitrate concentration in watermelon fruit. The application of bio-organic fertilizer enhanced disease resistance of watermelon plant. Anthrax, fusarium wilt disease and gummy stem blight were obviously lessoned.