观光果园景观质量评价体系的研究

The Study on Evaluation System of Landscape Quality of Sightseeing Orchard

观光果园是以绿色果品生产和生态旅游相结合的新兴产业。景观质量评价对观光果园建设前的方案评估和建成后的优化方案都具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。该研究以观光果园景观质量为总目标,运用层次分析法,从景观、景观元素、景观元素特征的隶属层次,建立了观光果园景观质量的评价体系,得出了各类因子在观光果园景观质量中所占的权重,反映了各因子之间的主次关系。结果表明:观光果园主要以自然景观为主,兼顾人文景观和工程景观,各景观的相对权重为72.6%,17.2%,10.2%;在景观元素层上,应重点考虑以果树为特色的景观,其次要开展以果树资源为独特性的体验活动,再次是结合水体、园林植物、园林建筑、民风民俗、道路、灌溉设施、园墙等艺术处理,科学布局,构建独具风格的观光果园。在此基础上,运用模糊数学,进行综合评判,指导观光果园的设计和优化。

Sightseeing orchard is a newly emerging industry combining fruit production with eco-tourism. The evaluation system of landscape has an important sense of theoretic and practical significance to plan evaluating before building and optimizing after. Aiming at the landscape quality of sightseeing orchard, by using analytic hierarchy process, this paper studied the evaluation system of landscape quality of sightseeing orchard from these hierarchy relations from landscapes, landscape elements and the features of landscape elements, educed their weights of all factors, reflected their primary and subordinate relations among ingredients. The results showed that the landscape of sightseeing orchard is focused on nature landscape, giving attention to human landscape and engineering landscape, their relative weights were 72. 6%, 17.2% and 10. 2% respectively. On the relations of landscape elements, fruits tree plays the most important role to build up a unique-style sightseeing orchard scientifically, then some experiencing activities about fruits tree resource, followed by other such as water, garden plants, landscape architecture, folkway and folk-custom, path, investigation infrastructure and garden wall. Be based on above results, fuzzy maths was used to generally evaluate for designing and optimizing of sightseeing orchard.