乌拉尔甘草四倍体的离体诱导及倍性鉴定

The inducement and identification of autotetroploid of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch cultured in vitro

为获得乌拉尔甘草四倍体新种质,本研究在离体培养条件下,利用不同浓度秋水仙素处理乌拉尔甘草(2n =2x=16)带腋芽茎段诱导四倍体,并进行了再生苗根尖染色体鉴定和气孔观察。结果表明:四倍体优化诱导体系为以0.1%秋水仙素处理24 h时诱导频率较高,变异率达到11%;再生植株气孔保卫细胞长度增长明显,气孔保卫细胞密度增长极其明显,气孔保卫细胞宽度有所下降,经根尖染色体鉴定,确定染色体为2n=4x=32,为同源四倍体植株。

In order to obtain the Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch tetraploid new idioplasm, this research, under the culture in vitro condition, the different process time condition, used different density colchicine solution to process the Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch （2n = 2x = 16） the axillury buds section induction tetraploid （2n = 4x = 32）, and carried out the chromosome identification and the stomatal guardcells observation. The results indicated： with the colchicin density of 0.1%, process time 24 h, the inducing frequency was high, and the variation rate was 11%; the stomatal guardcells length growth was obvious, the stomatal density grew extremely obviously, and the stomatal guardcells width dropped Considerably.