大棚黄瓜养分积累特点的研究

Study on characteristics of mineral elements accumulation of cucumber in plastic house

以‘津春2号'、‘中农5号'、‘新泰密刺'为试材,对大棚黄瓜各生育期养分积累特点进行了研究。结果表明,大棚黄瓜不同器官养分含量存在明显的差异,根系中各元素含量N>K>P>Ca>Mg;茎中K>N>Ca>Mg>P;叶中N>K>Ca>Mg>P;果中K>N>Ca>P>Mg。根、茎、叶和果实中养分含量随生育期有所变化,结果后期各器官中养分含量显著降低。大棚黄瓜全生育期养分吸收量K>N>Ca>Mg>P,幼苗期养分吸收量小,N的吸收比例最高;开花坐果期,养分吸收量增加,P、K的吸收比例提高;盛果期养分吸收达到高峰,K的吸收比例最高。大棚黄瓜养分向果实分配比例随生育期而增加,结果初期以向营养器官分配为主,盛果期兼顾茎叶与果实,结果后期以向果实分配为主。

The characteristics of mineral elements absorption, accumulation and distribution of plastic house cucumber （ Cucumis sastivus L. ） varieties＇Jinchun No. 2＇, ＇ Zhongnong No. 5＇ and＇ Xintaimici＇ were studied. The results indicated than the content of minerals was in order of N〉K〉P 〉Ca〉Mg in root; K〉N〉Ca〉Mg〉P in stem; N〉K〉Ca〉Mg〉P in leaf; and K〉N〉Ca〉P Mg in fruits. The minerals content of roots, stems, leaves and fruits changed in different growth stages, and decreased significantly during later fruiting stage. The amount of mineral elements absorbed through all stages were in order of K 〉 N 〉 Ca 〉 Mg 〉 P. The seedlings absorbed a little and the proportion of N were highest. At the flowering stage, mineral elements absorption and the proportion of P and K increased. Mineral elements absorption reached a pitch in flourishing fruiting stage and the proportion of K were highest. The mineral elements were mainly distributed to stems and leaves in initial fruiting stage, and considered both stems, leaves and fruits in flourishing fruiting stage, and mainly to fruits in latter fruiting stage.