从荀子的“虚一而静”看先秦诸子的融合

Fusion of Pre-Qin Scholars from Xun Zi's "Emptiness-and-Tranquility"

荀子是战国末期最伟大的儒学大师之一,是先秦诸子的集大成者。他在稷下学宫游学的经历使得他对当时各家思想有明确的认识,他站在儒家的立场上批判地吸收了百家尤其是老庄哲学和法家的观点,这也符合战国末期诸子互相砥砺而融合的大趋势。他针对百家的认识论弊病而写了《解蔽》一文,在《解蔽》中提出了"虚一而静"的方法,从中就可以窥见荀子融合百家的一斑。

Xun Zi, one of the greatest Confucian master at the Late Warring States Period, was a combination of different opinions of pre -Qin. When he studied in Ji Xia Xue Gong, he had a clear understanding about all of the schools＇thinking at that time, and he absorbed the Taoist and Legalists point of view critically on the position of Confucian and all of this suitable with the stream of encourage and integration among the schools at the Late Warring States Period. Dispelling Prejudices in which pointed out the theory of vacuity,unity and qurescence was written depended on the disadvantages of different schools＇thinking by Xun Zi. The theory reflected the hard work of Xun Zi in the introjections of all schools＇thinkings.