半区灌水及半区交替灌水对苹果幼树光合生理指标的影响

Response of Physiological Indices of Young Apple Trees to Half Root and Alternate Half Root Irrigation

以"寒富"苹果为试材,通过盆栽试验,研究了半区灌水(HW)、半区交替灌水(AHW)、干旱(WS)三种控水方式对苹果叶片光合生理指标的影响,以探讨交替灌溉对苹果光合作用的调控机制。结果表明:三种处理均使叶片Pn降低,但引起Pn降低的原因存在差异,HW和AHW处理主要为气孔限制所引起,而WS为非气孔限制;与CK相比,AHW处理通过气孔限制作用适当降低了叶片净光合速率(Pn),提高了水分利用效率,加之灌水的交替进行,能够持续对地上产生抑制作用,更利于实现果树的大幅度节水栽培。

The effects of three control irrigation methods, half- zone irrigation （HW） , half- zone alter- native irrigation （AHW） and drought （WS）, on the photosynthesis and other physiological indices were stud- ied with the potted Hanfu apple as material to elucidate the regulation mechanism of alternative irrigation on the photosynthesis of apple. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） decreased in three irriga- tion methods, but their caused were different. The Pn decrease of HW and AHW treatments were caused by stomatal limitation, while that of WS was caused by non - stornatal limitation. Compared to the control, AHW treatment decreased Pn but increased the water use efficiency, which could produce sustainable control for plants, and was more helpful to realizing water - saving cultivation of fruit trees.