胶体金法与病毒分离鉴定在流感诊断中的比较

A comparative research between the gold immuno-chromatography assay and isolation of virus in diagnosis of influenza

[目的]比较流感病毒胶体金法快速诊断试剂盒与病毒分离鉴定方法在临床诊断应用中的优劣。[方法]采集临床流感样病人(ILI)鼻拭子标本,分别使用流感病毒胶体金法快速诊断试剂盒及病毒分离鉴定方法予以检测。[结果]2006年1月—2007年3月对851份样本进行现场快速检测,流感抗原阳性标本189份,阳性率为22.21%,其中A型为164份,B型为25份。在851份鼻拭子标本中分离到133株流感病毒株,其中125份为流感快速检测阳性标本。流感胶体金法快速检测试剂的灵敏度为93.98%,特异度为91.09%。[结论]采用胶体金法流感快速诊断试剂对早期流感样病人进行检测,能及时区别流感与其他上呼吸道感染,在临床诊治和流感爆发疫情处理上具有重要意义。

[ Objective ] To compare the advantages and short comings of gold Immuno - chromatography assay and virus isolation in clinical diagnosis of influenza. [ Methods] The nasal swabs taken from patients of influenza - like illness （ ILI） were detected by gold Immuno - chromatography assay as well as virus isolation, for rapid diagnosis. [ Results] From Jan 2006 to Mar 2007, 851 specimens were detected. In the rapid diagnosis, the positive rate was 22.21% （189/851）, most of which were influenza A （164）. In virus isolation, the positive rate was 15.63% （ 133/851 ） , 125 of which were alse positive by rapid test. The sensitivity of gold Immuno - chromatography assay was 93.98%, while its specificity was 91.09%. [ Conclusion ] The gold Immuno - chromatography assay for rapid diagnosis can define the infection of influenza from other upper respiratory tract infection within 15 min and distinguish the subtype of A and B, which can help the doctors in clinical diagnosis and treatment. It can play an influential role in the control of influenza outbreaks.