大豆耐低温出苗的遗传分析与分子标记

Inheritance and Molecular Marker of Chilling Tolerance of Soybean in Early Stage

大豆是光温敏性作物,其对低温的敏感性不但制约了大豆在高纬度地区的生产,也严重影响低纬度地区低温年大豆的种植产量。以周9311-3×徐9125的P1、P2、F1、F2、F2∶3为材料用主基因-多基因混合遗传模型分离分析法,对大豆耐低温出苗性状进行遗传分析,然后采用BSA和t测验的方法分析筛选与大豆耐低温出苗性状紧密连锁的SSR分子标记。结果表明:大豆耐低温出苗性状是受一对主基因控制,其遗传模型的适合性检验表明符合D-0模型,即耐低温性状受一对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制,主基因呈超显性。大豆耐低温出苗性状和标记satt157及satt562相关,并根据R2得到两位点的变异解释率分别为3.4%和13.9%。根据已经发表的整合大豆遗传图谱中satt157、satt562的位置将大豆耐低温出苗的两个QTL初步定位于D1b和I连锁群。satt562的效应值较大属于主基因位点,satt157的效应值较小属于多基因位点。

Soybean is an important source of human protein and oil, and it is susceptible to temperature and light. Low temperature susceptibility affects soybean yield not only in high latitude area but also in low. Inheritance of soybean chilling tolerance in early stage was analyzed jointly in P1 and P2 Parents,F1 ,F2 and F2：3 generations derived from the cross Zhou 9311- 3 × Xu 9125 by using the joint segregation analysis of the mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model of quantitative traits. And then through t-test analysis and bulked segregate analysis （BSA）, SSR markers which linked lightly with chilling tolerance were screened. The results indicated that the inheritance of chilling tolerance in the population was accorded with the D- 0 model, namely the inheritance of the chilling tolerance in the population was controlled by one major gene with additive- dominance effect plus polygenc with additive-dominance-epistatic effect, and the major gene showed overdominanee effect. Two molecular markers satt562 and satt157were found linked with the chilling tolerance genes in the F2pepulation of Zhou 9311-3 × Xu 9125. The individual effect of each marker was reported as R^2 value,and explained 13.9% and 3.4% respectively. And the markers of satt562 and satt157 situated on I and D1b linkage groups, respectively. The satt562 with larger phenotypic effect could be regard as major gene locus,and satt157 with relative smaller effects could be regarded as polygene locus.