不同来源大豆品种生育期结构与产量关系的研究

Relationship of Growth Stage Structure and Yield of Soybeans from Different Regions

采用纬度相近的中国辽宁省和美国俄亥俄州共16个大豆品种,在常规处理(15万株.hm-2+磷酸二铵150kg.hm2)和非常规处理(4.5万株.hm-2+磷酸二铵450 kg.hm-2)的栽培条件下,对生育期结构与产量的关系进行了分析研究,为今后的高产育种提供理论依据。结果表明:常规栽培条件下,辽宁品种和俄亥俄品种生育期结构没有明显差异;非常规栽培条件下,辽宁品种VE^V3时期平均相对长度显著大于俄亥俄品种平均相对长度,其它生育时期无差异。俄亥俄品种和辽宁品种各个生育时期的构成与单株产量的关联序不同,全生育期的天数是影响单株产量的最主要因素。

Growth stage structure is an important trait which influences soybean yield. The objective of this study is to compare the difference of growth stage structure between the euhivars from Liaoning Province, China and Ohio, USA under normal cultivation environment （ 150 000 plants · hm^- 2 ＋ （ NH4）2 HPO4 150 kg · hm^ - 2 ） and abnormal cultivation environment （ 45 000 plants · hm^-2 ＋ （ NH4 ） 2 HPO4 300 kg· hm^-2 ）. The results showed that there was no significant difference of growth duration between the cultivar groups of Liaoning and Ohio under normal cultivation environment. Under abnormal cultivation environment ,the average days of VE - V3 stage of cultivars from Liaoning significantly longer than those of cultivars from Ohio, other growth stages had no difference between the cultivar groups. The correlations between growth and yield of cultivars from Liaoning and Ohio were different. The days of growth duration was the most important factor for yield formation.