追肥方式对连作大豆生长发育和产量的影响

Effect of Top Dressing Fertilizer Patterns on Growth and Yield of Continuous Cropping Soybean

采取适当农艺措施可降低连作大豆产量损失，为明确黑土平原区不同追肥方式对连作大豆的效果，在生育后期喷施叶面肥或沟施氮肥，调查大豆根瘤鲜重、植株地上地下干重、叶面积指数和产量。结果显示：后期增施肥能增加根瘤鲜重，是对照的1．3-1．6倍，大豆地上地下干重都明显高于对照，叶面积指数增大。在黑土平原区后期追肥较对照大豆增产11％以上，病虫粒率降低，提高商品品质。喷施叶面肥和土壤追肥的大豆生长发育指标和产量差异不显著（P〈0．05）。

Proper agronomical management practices could reduce yield loss of continuous cropping soybean. In order to make clear out the effect of appending fertilizer on soybean at the black soil plain area, foliar fertilizer sprayed and nitrogen fertilizer applied at later growth stage,fresh weight of soybean root nodules,dry weight above and under ground,leaf area index and yield of soybean were investigated. The result showed that fresh weight of soybean root nodules by appending fertilizer later were increased which was as 1.3-1.6 times of control,dry weight above and under ground were significantly higher than control,and leaf area index was increased. Soybean yield of appending fertilizer later was increased at above 11% of control at the black soil plain area, and the soybean disease and pest seeds rate of that were reduced. Therefore, soybean commercial quality was increased. Soybean growth and development indexes and yield wasn＇t significantly affected by foliar fertilizer sprayed and nitrogen fertilizer applied in soil at later growth stage.