双峰驼喉蝇生活习性的观察

Observations on the life habits of Cephalopina titillator from Bactrian camels

驼喉蝇（Ｃｅｐｈａｌｏｐｉｎａｔｉｔｉｌａｔｏｒ）幼虫寄生于双峰驼的鼻腔、鼻甲及咽喉等部位，其成蝇出现于５～９月，在７～８月达到高峰。对被感染骆驼的剖检表明，寄生于骆驼体内的幼虫在当年６月到来年３月主要以Ⅰ期幼虫为主；３月下旬以Ⅱ期幼虫为主；４月下旬则以Ⅲ期幼虫为主，并开始排出体外进行蛹化，然后进一步羽化为成蝇。幼虫于５～６月在土深为５～１０ｃｍ，平均地温为２９℃，地表湿度为２４％～２８％的条件下，羽化成蝇的时间为１９～２１ｄ。该蝇的整个生活史以１ａ为一个繁衍周期，幼虫在骆驼体内寄生９～１０个月。雌性成蝇一次产幼虫５０～８０个，一生共产８００～９００个，其寿命为２周左右，雄蝇的寿命更短。

Camel Cephalopina titillator larva parasitize the nasal cavity,concha and throat of Bactrian camels,and the mature insets appear in May to September every year and reach the peak numbers in June to July.At autopsy of infected animas it was found that the larva which parasitize cames in June this year to March the second year mainly are the first stage larva and are the second stage larva in March 20 to 31 and are the third stage larva in April 20 to 30 and begine to be excreted out for pupation and then are changed into the nature insets which are finished by eclosion under conditions of land depth 5 to 10 cm,mean surface temperature 29 c and land humidity 24% to 28% in May to June.Eclosion takes 19 to 21 days for theningg into the mature.The whole life histry of the inset is a year as proppagative cycle,the larva live in animals for 9 to 10 months.The female mature raises 50 to 60 larva a time and produces total of 800 to 900 larva in her a life cycle,and the lifetime of the female is 2 weeks or so,but the male lifetime is much shorter than the female's.