甘肃省部分县预防接种点注射器使用干预研究

Usage intervention of inoculation syringes in some counties of Gansu province

目的:了解甘肃省全省预防接种注射器使用、处理情况,评价自毁型注射器(AD)在全省预防接种中的效果、影响,为卫生行政部门进行预防接种安全注射管理提供依据。方法:在全省按照典型抽样方法抽取3个县,设立对照组和干预组,采取问卷调查、现场观察等措施,并进行统计学分析评价。结果:干预前,对照乡和干预乡在预防接种工作中都使用一次性注射器,部分使用AD注射器,使用后仍有一定比例的接种人员采取掩埋、随意丢弃的方式进行处理;在干预后,干预组村医在注射器材使用后100%都能对使用后一次性注射器进行安全处理,并认为使用AD注射器可以促进安全注射工作,而对照乡人仍有部分村医不能正确处理使用后的注射器;干预乡的儿童监护人有152人(90.77%)选择使用AD注射器进行预防接种,明显高于对照组。结论:各接种点在配发足量的一次性自毁型注射器,以及对村医进行经常性、短期的强化培训,可以明显提高村医使用安全注射器以及正确处理注射器,达到安全注射的要求。

Objective To know about the usage and disposure of inoculation syringes in Gansu province,evaluate the effect and influence of auto-destroyed syringes and supply basis for management of the health department. Method Three counties were chosen by typical sample so as to set up experimental group and control group. Such measures as questionnaires and on--the- spot observation were taken before statistic analysis and evaluation were conducted. Results Before the intervention, all doctors used the disposable syringes, and some doctors chose autodestroyed ones,and some of them buried or discarded used syringes randomly. After the intervention, 100% village doctors in experimental group learned the safe disposal of used syringes who agreed that the auto--destroyed syringes promote safe inoculation. 90.77% of children＇s guardians chose to use auto--destroyed syringes and the rate is much higher than that of the control group. Conclusion The available auto--destroyed syringes and regular, short--term training boost safe injection.