滨海盐碱地基盘法造林试验

Tests of seed-base for afforestation on saline-alkali soil by sea

为研究推广基盘法造林技术在我国沿海盐碱地区的应用,以唐山市南堡盐场重盐碱地为研究对象,通过基盘育苗、修筑台田、挖排水沟、铺隔离层、客土穴移植树苗等综合措施,探讨滨海盐碱地基盘法造林技术。结果表明:种基盘具有一定阻隔盐碱的作用,其出苗率降序排列依次为Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ,即以客土、草炭、蛭石和珍珠岩体积比为5∶1∶2∶2的种基盘出苗率最高,且蛭石和珍珠岩组合占优势的基盘配方出苗率高于草炭占优势的基盘配方;台田以南北两条"十"字式(炉渣)的排盐阻盐效果最好,炉渣隔离层比建筑垃圾隔离层的排盐阻盐效果要好;客土穴起到了较好的改土阻盐效果,大部分移植树苗成活。研究结果可为滨海盐碱地造林提供改土阻盐技术支持。

Taking a bad saline-alkali soil by sea in the city of Tangshan as the research measures, such as sowing by seed-bases to breed constructing isolating layers, transplanting seedlings seedlings, building stair-fields, in carrying soil columns etc, object, adopting some digging open drains, and exploring a new technology of seed-base for afforestation on saline-alkali soil by sea. The results showed that the seed-bases had a certain function to anti-salinization. Vermiculite and pearlite had a better effect than peat in the rate of germination, and the seed-base that was made by carrying soil, peat, vermiculite and pearlite in the volume ratio of 5 ： 1 ： 2 ： 2 had the highest rate of germination. The isolating layer of slag was better than that one of construction waste in anti-salinization, and the stair-field with a slag layer in the shape of two stripes from south to north and one strip from east to west had the best effect. The carrying soil columns could prevent transplanting seedlings from the harmful effects of salinization, which made most of transplanting seedlings to survive. The results could provide a certain technical support for afforestion on saline-alkali soil by sea.