贵州高原夏秋麦籽粒灌浆特性的研究

Studies on Some Characteristics of Grain Filling of wheat with Late-summer and Early-Autumn Sowing in Guizhou Plateau

本文据1992～1995年试验结果,以Logistic方程拟合贵州高原不同夏秋麦品种的籽粒灌浆过程并计算出有关籽粒灌浆参数,发现不同夏秋小麦品种灌浆特性有所不同.通径分析灌浆参数与千粒重的关系表明,籽粒平均灌浆速率和最大灌浆速率是影响夏秋麦千粒重的两个主要因素.且两因素间有极显著正相关.进一步分析发现,缓增期和渐增期日数以及快增期灌浆速率对千粒重作用显著;缓增期日数与渐增期日数间有极显著负相关,快增期灌浆速率与平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率之间有极显著正相关.因此,生产中选用渐增期短,缓增期长,高灌浆速率的品种,配合适宜的栽培技术,是提高夏秋麦粒重的关键.

Based on the experiments from 1992 to 1995 in Guizhou Agricultural College, Logistic Equations were used to describe the grain filling process for different varieties and several parameters of grain filling process were derived from those equations. Differences of grain filling characteristics were found in these experimental varieties. The relationships between these parameters of grain filling process and 1000-grain weight were studied by using the path analysis. The results indicated that 1000-grain weight of late-summer and early-autumn sowing wheat in Guizhou Plateau are mainly influenced by the mean filling rate and the maximum filling rate, and a very significantly positive correlation between mean filling rate and maximum filling rate existed. Further analysis indicated that the duration of slightly-increased filling period, the duration of slowly-increased filling period and the filling rate of fastly-increased filling period had significant influence on 1000-grain weight. The duration of slightly increased filling period was very significantly negatively correlated with the duration of slowly increased filling period. The filling rate of fastly-increased filling period bear a very significantly positive correlation with the mean filling rate and the maximum filling rate respectively. Thus, the key to grain weight increase and consequent yield increase is to choose the best varieties with shorter slowly-increased filling period , longer slightly-increased filling period and higher grain filling rate, and to provide the corresponding optimum cultural practices for them.