三种弹性纤维的力学性能及应用特点

The Mechanical Property and Application of Three Kinds of Elastic Fibers

实测了氨纶、聚烯烃XLAR、PET/PTT双组分复合纤维以及氨纶毛包芯纱、PET/PTT棉包芯纱的比应力-应变曲线、0.25N负荷下的伸长率、定伸长回复率和定伸长50%三次循环的应力松弛率。通过比较分析得到,氨纶和聚烯烃XLAR具有断裂伸长率大、定负荷伸长率大的特点,必须包芯使用,且反复拉伸易松弛。PET/PTT双组分复合纤维断裂强度较大,定负荷伸长率足够,不需要包覆可直接使用,且定伸长回复率较大,不易松弛,适用于低弹和中弹织物。

The specific stress-elongation curve, elongation under the stress of 0.25 N, recovery based on the elongation and stress decay of 3-circle method based on the 50 % elongation were tested on the Spandex, polyolefin XLA , PET/PTT composite fiber, spandex-wool core-spun yarn, PET/PTT-cotton core-spun yarn. It was concluded that the Spandex and polyolefin XLA had a higher broken elongation and elongation under the stress of 0.25 N, so it had to be wrapped in use. Meanwhile, it was slack easily with repeat stretch. The PET/PTT composite fiber had higher strength and enough elongation under the stress, it could use directly without wrapping. And it＇s recovery was higher based on the elongation, the slackness was small, it could be used in all kinds of low and medium elastic fabrics.