产前盆底肌功能锻炼对阴道分娩及盆底肌张力的影响

The Influence of antenatal pelvic floor muscle exercise in the vaginal delivery and tension of Pelvic floor

目的观察妊娠28周后始行盆底肌功能锻炼,对产程、分娩方式及产后42d、3个月、6个月盆底肌张力的影响。方法选取参加盆底肌健康教育学习且经阴道分娩初产妇49例为观察组平时加强盆底肌锻炼,同期未参加盆底肌健康教育学习且经阴道分娩的初产妇54例为对照组。分别在妊娠28周后、入院时、产后42d、3个月、6个月时评价盆底肌张力、产程、分娩方式等指标。结果观察组孕妇产前盆底肌张力、活跃期及总产程、分娩方式、产后42d、产后3个月、6个月盆底肌张力优于对照组孕妇(P均<0.05)。结论产前孕妇进行盆底肌锻炼对阴道分娩结局及产后康复有积极的作用。

Objective To investigate the influence of the pelvic floor muscle exercise on the processe of labor, the style of delivery, the pelvic floor muscle tension on the 42nd day, the third and sixth month of postpartum after 28 weeks of pregnancy. Methods 49 cases vaginal delivery primiparaes who participated in health education program of pelvic floor muscle exercise were selected as observation Group （group A）. 54 cases vaginal delivery primiparaes who did not take part in the health education program were selected as control group （group C） in the same period. Group A attended the seminar of pelvic floor education under the guidance of the researehers while group C did not participate in the study. To evaluate factors in relate to pelvic floor muscle tension, labor process, the styles of delivery at the 28th weeks of pregnancy, the admitting day, the 42 days, the third month and the sixth month after childbirth respectively. Results There are significant differences between group A and group C （ P 〈 0.05 ）, as to the prenatal pelvic floor muscle tension,t he length of the active labor, the stage of labor and the way of delivery. ,as well as the pelvic floor muscle tension at 42 days, the third and the sixth month after child birth. Conclusion The antenatal pelvic floor muscle exercise has a positive effect on vaginal delivery and the recovery of post partum.