对快乐主义的认识——对伊壁鸠鲁和边沁的快乐主义思想的审视

On Cognition of Hedonism

在西方伦理学史上,伊壁鸠鲁首次建立了一个以感觉经验为基础,以追求个人的身体无痛苦和灵魂的无干扰为目的的快乐主义伦理学体系。边沁继承和发展了从古代伊壁鸠鲁到近代爱尔维修及霍尔巴赫的快乐主义思想,创立了以最大多数人的最大幸福为功利原则的快乐主义理论。本文试图通过对伊壁鸠鲁和边沁的快乐主义所具有共同的理论基础、追求目标和本质特征分析,以便于更好地认识快乐主义的本质。

In the history of Western ethics, Epicurus for the first time had created ahedonism ethics system, which based on sensory experience, aimed at painless body and trouble-free soul. Inherited the hedonism ideologies from ancient Epicurus＇s to modern Helvetius＇s and Paul Holbach＇s, Jeremy Bentham established his hedonism theory by the utility principles of the greatest happiness of the most majority. In order to grasp the nature of hedonism, this paper tries to analyze the foundation, aim and nature of the common ground of Epicurus and Bentham＇s hedonism theories.