旱地:农业发展的寄托

Drylands:Sustenance for Agricultural Development in the Future

人口增长和对粮食及纤维的需要增加面对着土地和水资源日益减少的形势,迫使人们把注意力投向旱地农业,即在干燥半湿润和半干旱无灌溉条件下所进行的农业。旱地面积大,又有一定增产潜力,但降水少、侵蚀严重,生态条件脆弱严重地限制了旱地农业发展。发展旱地农业要以充分利用天然降水为基础,采用各种措施如休闲、覆盖、集水和供应营养物质,充分利用和发挥降水的增产效益。

The rapid growth of population and the increase of demands for food and fiber while facing the shortage supply of water and land reduction have forced people to pay attention to the dryland agriculture, i. e., a kind of agriculture being conducted in the dry subhumid and semiarid areas without irrigation. Drylands have large areas that can be used for agriculture and the precipitation has a certain potential for agricultural production. However, a shortage of water supply and serious wind and water erosion seriously limit agricultural development. A full use of natural precipitation is the basis for agricultural development, including summer fallow, water harvesting, mulching and rational fertilization to raise water use efficiency.