祁连山七一冰川流域各类环境介质中多环芳烃的分布特征与来源研究

Distribution and Origin of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Different Environmental Mediums in the Qiyi Glacier Basin,Qilian Mountains

从祁连山七-冰川流域各介质中总共检测出2～7环的多环芳烃50多种，其中16种美国EPA优控物质中，只有二氢苊和二苯并[a，h]蒽没有被检测到．雪冰和冰川融水样品中相对富集3环和4环，雪冰不溶微粒和冰尘以及七-冰川周围表层土壤样品主要以4～6环为主，这是由PAHs自身的物理化学性质决定的．荧蒽／芘，菲／蒽比值表明，研究区检测出来的多环芳烃可能主要来自于化石燃料的高温燃烧，特别是煤的燃烧和机车尾气排放产生．大气污染传输与干湿沉降是七-冰川及其周围土壤中PAHs的主要输入途径．

More than some fifty kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） of 2-7 rings were identified from different mediums in the Qiyi Glacier basin, Qilian Mountains. The results indicate that all the 16 U. S. EPA first-controlled PAHs exist in these samples, except for acenaphthene and Dibenz （a, h） Anthracene. PAHs in snow ice and glacier melt-water are dominated by 3-ring and 4-ring ones. However, PAHs in snow ice insoluble particulates, cryoconite and surface soil around the Qiyi Glacier are dominated by those of four to six rings. The ratios of Phenanthrene/Anthracene and Fluoranthene/Pyrene are used to verdict that the major source of PAHs is coal combustion or vehicle pollutants. Long range transport of organic pollutants and atmospheric deposition may be the principal input of PAHs to the Qiyi Glacier and its pe ripheral regions.