一种三角高程测量新方法的应用研究

Applicable Research on a New Method of Trigonometric Leveling

研究目的:针对高速铁路无砟轨道工程项目高架路段长、测量精度要求高的特点,经过充分的理论分析研究,通过采用不量取仪器高和棱镜高的三角高程测量新方法,来解决客运专线施工阶段,桥上轨道梁精调高程控制网与地面勘测高程控制网联测带来的困难。研究结论:新方法既结合了水准测量任意设站的特点,又可在测量过程中消除因量取仪器高和棱镜高引起的误差根源,方便可行、测量速度快,很好地解决了客运专线施工阶段,桥上轨道梁精调高程控制网与地面勘测高程控制网联测带来的困难。采用合适的测角和测距精度的全站仪,在一定距离(≤60 m)和一定垂直角(≤20°)的条件下,从地面高程控制网引测至高架桥上轨道梁精调高程控制网的测量精度,能够满足高架桥上轨道梁高程定位精度(±1.0 mm)要求,比传统的三角高程测量精度更高,甚至可达到二等水准测量的要求。

Research purposes： After the adequate theoretical analysis and study of the features that long aerial parts and high accuracy of measurement are required in the ballastless high way engineering project, a new method of trigonometric leveling without the height of equipment together with the prism is presented in this paper, and this method can solve the difficult of surveying between railway girder precision adjustment in vertical control network above the bridge and ground vertical control network during the construction of the passenger dedicated line. Research conclusions：This new method not only contains the free stationing feature of leveling but also eliminates the error by virtue of the height measuring of the equipment and the prism during surveying with high feasibility and efficiency. It is proved this is a good way to solve the problem between railway girder precision adjustment in vertical control network above the bridge and ground vertical control network during construction. Comparative analysis is made in this paper to prove the new method is much more superior than that of traditional trigonometric leveling. The precision can satisfy second -order leveling under observation conditions of suitable distance（ ≤60 m） and suitable vertical angle （ ≤20°） if a suitable Total Station is used.