高速客车轮对动力学性能的比较

Comparison of Dynamic Behaviors of Wheelsets of High-speed Passenger Car

为了比较不同车轮踏面及轮对内侧距对高速客车动力学性能的影响,首先采用改进轮轨接触几何关系算法分析了不同情况下的静态轮轨几何接触关系,然后通过车辆/轨道耦合动力学模型,对高速客车蛇行临界速度、运行平稳性和曲线通过性能进行了动态仿真计算。数值计算中,主要考察了LM、LMA、S1002和XP55等4种车轮踏面和轮对内侧距由1350 mm到1360 mm变化的情况。结果表明,车轮踏面形状和轮对内侧距对高速客车动力学性能有重要的影响,且LMA型车轮踏面与1353 mm的轮对内侧距匹配具有较好的动力学性能。要确定合适的车轮踏面和轮对内侧距,须从轮轨接触关系的变化出发,综合评估车辆动力学性能。

To investigate the influence of the wheel tread profile and back-to-back distance of the wheelset on the dynamical behavior of the high-speed passenger car, the improved wheel-rail contact algorithm is firstly used to calculate the static wheel-rail contact geometry relationship for different cases. The critical speed, running stability and curving performance of the high-speed railway passenger car are then simulated using the vehicle-track coupling dynamic model. In the simulation, the different wheel tread profiles, such as LM, LMA, S1002 and XP55, and different back-to-back distances of the wheelset ranging from 1350 mm to 1360 mm are considered. The numerical results show that the wheel tread profile and back-to-back distance of the wheelset play a key role in the dynamical performance of the high-speed railway passenger car. The wheel tread profile of LMA matching the back-to-back distance of 1353 mm present good dynamic performance. In order to find the best wheel tread profile and back-to-back distance of the wheelset, it is necessary to synthetically evaluate the vehicle-track coupling dynamics based on the wheel/rail contact relationship.