局部炎症反应与静脉留置针致兔耳缘静脉血栓形成的研究

Investigation on rabbit ear vein thrombosis caused by local inflammation reaction and intravenous detaining needle

[目的]观察静脉留置针不同留置时间致兔耳缘静脉血栓形成及局部炎症反应情况,分析局部炎症反应与静脉留置针血栓形成相关性。[方法]60只大耳白兔随机分成实验1组、实验2组、实验3组,每组20只,均取右耳外侧耳缘静脉置20号留置针,每日经留置针输入生理盐水20mL模拟临床输液,各组分别于第3天、第5天、第7天取置针侧耳缘静脉做病理切片,光镜观察血管内血栓形成及留置针局部炎症反应情况。[结果]实验1组血栓发生率45.0%,机化血栓发生率11.1%,血管周围结缔组织仅见少量淋巴细胞浸润;实验2组血栓发生率78.9%,机化血栓发生率53.3%,血管周围结缔组织及血管壁各层均有淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞浸润;实验3组血栓发生率89.5%,机化血栓发生率76.5%,血管周围结缔组织、血管壁各层及血管腔可见弥漫性淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞浸润,血管腔内可见较多的渗出物及坏死的细胞碎片。局部炎症反应程度与静脉留置针血栓形成率呈正相关。[结论]静脉留置针可以导致局部炎症反应且炎症是静脉留置针致血栓形成的重要机制之一。

Objective： To observe rabbit ear vein thrombosis and local inflammation reaction caused by intravenous detaining needle in different detaining times, then to analyze the correlation between local inflammation reaction and thrombosis. Method： Totally 60 rabbits were divided into 3 groups randomly： that were test group 1, test group 2, and test group 3 with 20 rabbits each. Type 20 intravenous detaining needles were used in right ear vein for all rabbits. Then 20ml normal saline was infused into right ear vein every day to simulate clinical transfusion. Pathological sections were prepared by taking gamples from the ear vein where intravenous detaining needle puncturing on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th day of transfusion. And thrombosis in the vein and local inflammation reactions had been observed under light microscope. Result： The incidence of thrombosis in test group 1 rabbits was 45.0%, while organized thrombosis rate was 11.1%. And only slight leukomonocytes infiltrated in perivascular connective tissue. The incidence of thrombosis in test grOup 2 rabbits was 78.9%, and organized thrombosis rate was 53.3%. There were leukomonocytes and neutrophil infiltrating in perivascular connective tissue and vessel walls. The incidence of thrombosis in test group 3 was 89.5% and organized thrombosis rate was 76. 5%. There were diffuse leukomonocytes and neutrophils infiltrating in perivascular connective tissue and vessel walls and lumen of blood vessel. Besides, more exudates and necrotic cell debris can be found in endovascular. It showed a positive correlation between local inflammation reactions and thrombosis. Conclusion： Intravenous detaining needle may result in local inflammation reactions. And inflammation reactions may be one of the important mechanisms to the thrombosis.