群组通信研究

Group Communication

计算机网络的发展使通过网络相连的计算机集合成为一个相互协调的统一整体，并为人类群体成员间的协作配合提供新的工具。目前计算机网络中有关群组通信的研究十分活跃，是计算机网络研究的关键技术之一。群组通信（ＧｒｏｕｐＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ）为分布式文件系统、分布式数据库系统、并行计算、容错系统和计算机协同工作系统等各种分布式应用系统提供所需的通信服务。本文从数据传输的角度分析了群组通信的特征，提出了群组通信的体系结构，并综述了相关的最新研究成果。群组通信要解决的主要问题包括：（１）扩展主机和路由器功能，以支持多目标分组的发送、转发和接收。（２）引入资源预留机制，以有效地控制网络带宽等资源的分配。（３）提供可靠群组通信机制。（４）利用群组通信功能提供各种应用系统所需的通信服务。

With the development of computer network,the set of computers connected with network is becoming a cooperative whole entity and providing a new kind of tools to coordinate human groupCurrently,Group communication is an active area and key technique in the field of computer networkThe object of group communication is to provide special communication service for distributed application systems,such as distributed file system,distributed database system,parallel computing,fault tolerance system and CSCWThis paper has analyzed the data transport characteristics of group communication,proposed an architecture for group communication and reviewed the latest research work in this areaThe main issues in group communication are:1)Functional extension of hosts and routers:lts object is to provide the function for the sending,forwarding and receiving of multicast packet2)Resource reservation mechanism:lts object is to efficiently control the allocation of resource,such as network bandwidth3)Reliable multicast mechanism 4)Communication service for distributed application systems supported by group communication