掠夺型制度的表现形式、生成机制及其治理手段

On the Representation,Forming Mechanism and Governance Manner of Extractive Institution

从世界关于腐败的排名、自由度的排名、商务环境的排名等可以判断一个国家的制度是否存在掠夺性。掠夺型制度导致寻租和非共享增长。掠夺型制度大多产生于发展中国家,这既有外部原因,也有内部原因。从深层次看,利益集团的寻租之手与自然政府的掠夺之手的联合就会创设掠夺型制度。从自然政府到强化市场型政府、从保护一部分人的产权到保护全社会的产权、从有限准入秩序到开放准入秩序的转交是治理掠夺型制度的根本举措。

We can judge if an institution is extractive by the ranking of corruption, index of economic freedom, international business environment, and so on. Extractive institutions will result in the seeking rent and non-sharing growing. It could be explained both internally and externally that extractive institutions mostly exist in developing countries. The joint both the rent-seeking hand of interest group and the grabbing hand of natural government sets up extractive institutions.In the end the paper states the fundamental measures to govern extractive institutions is changing from natural government to market-augmenting government, from protecting the elite＇s property to protect- in,, the whole social member nrovertv and from limited market access order to onened market access order_