棉花纤维发育过程中内源激素含量和纤维品质变化及其关系研究

Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Contents and Fiber Quality during the Cotton Fiber Development

以新疆棉区优质棉品种‘新陆早16号’、品质中等品种‘新陆早10号’和‘新陆早13号’以及品质较差品种‘02-DB’为材料,测定了棉纤维发育过程中内源生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA4)、玉米素(ZR)和脱落酸(ABA)含量和主要纤维品质指标的变化,分析内源激素含量变化与纤维品质形成的关系。结果表明:不同品种棉花纤维发育中纤维内源激素变化趋势基本相似,其差异主要表现在IAA、GA4、ZR和ABA的含量大小及峰值出现的时间方面。‘新陆早16号’在纤维发育前期有较高IAA、GA4、ZR含量和较低的ABA含量,表现出纤维伸长速率较高、快速伸长时期较长等特征;而且在次生壁加厚期ZR峰值出现较早,有利于棉纤维成熟,从而表现出较优的纤维品质。‘02-DB’在纤维发育前期由于ABA含量较高影响了纤维伸长速率和快速伸长期的时间,同时后期ZR峰值出现晚,使纤维发育受到影响,而最终品质较差。可见,在棉花纤维伸长期IAA、GA4、ZR含量高而ABA含量低、次生壁加厚期ZR峰值出现早则有利于优质棉纤维形成。

The relationship between changes between endogenous hormone contents and the form of fiber quality was investigated with high quality cultivar ＇Xinluzao 16＇, medium quality cultivar ＇Xinluzao 13＇, ＇Xinluzao 10＇ and inferior quality cultivar ＇02-DB＇ in Xinjiang,by measuring the contents of IAA,GA4 ,ZR and ABA and index change of fiber quality during cotton fiber development. The results indicated that the trend variance of endogenous hormones were basic similitude in different cotton cultivars during the fiber development,but the contents of endogenous and occurrence time of the curve peak among four cultivars were obviously different. The ＇Xinluzao 16＇ had higher contents of IAA, GA4, ZR and lower content of ABA during prophase of fiber development, which showed higher elongation rate and long speediness elon- gation time,the peak value of ZR appeared early during the secondary cell thickening in cotton fiber,it was advantaged to the fiber mature and of excellent fiber quality. The high content of ABA in ＇02-DB＇ eultivar affected the rate of elongation and the time of speediness elongation during prophase of fiber development. Meanwhile,the peak value of ZR appeared late during the secondary cell thickening in cotton fiber, which influenced the fiber development, ultimately fiber quality worse. So the high contents of IAA,GA4,ZR and low content of ABA during the fiber elongation and the appearing early of ZR peak during the secondary wall stage was advantageous to form high quality cotton fiber.