资本主义生产方式变迁中的资本主义制度演进——一个发展马克思经济学的新路径

The Evolution of Capitalism in the Change of Capitalist Mode of Production——A New Path of Developing Marxist Economics

过去理解资本主义制度演变时简单地采用生产力决定生产关系的原理,这给我们带来一个难以回答的问题,即什么样的生产力水平决定资本主义制度走向灭亡。其实,在马克思经济学理论中包含着一个对生产力决定生产关系原理的深入解释:生产力对生产关系的决定作用要通过生产方式这样一个中介,一方面体现为促进生产力的发展,另一方面孕育了生产关系的变革。在资本主义制度演进过程中,资本主义生产方式发展经历了三个阶段,这与资本主义制度演进的三个时期正相对应。这不仅表明用生产方式的演进可以解释资本主义制度变迁,而且也表明马克思经济学中包含着具有现实解释力的理论。

In understanding the evolution of capitalism ~ we used to simply adopt the axiom that the level of productive forces determines relations of production , which brings about a difficult question ： what level of productive forces determines the destruction of capitalism？ In fact , there is a deep interpretation of the principle in Marxist economics ： the determination effect works with the intermediary of mode of production, which promotes the development of productivity and embodies change in relations of production. In the evolution of capitalism , capitalist mode of production has gone through three stages , which correspond with the three periods in the evolution of capitalism. This indicates that the evolution of mode of production can be used to explain the change in capitalism , and that Marxist economics contains theories with practical explanatory power.