美国、加拿大和日本多目的森林资源监测的现状与展望

Inventories Toward MultiPurposes Forest Environment Monitoring in USA, Canada and Japan

对美国、加拿大和日本３国的国家森林资源调查的现状与展望作了分析和综述，包括抽样调查法、调查项目、ＧＩＳ和遥感、信息系统及成果公开和面向用户几个方面．共同特点是：①收集包括木材和非木材资源的各种信息；②从野外样地调查向森林资源与环境变化监测方向发展；③在森林资源连续调查中应用遥感和ＧＩＳ提供最新森林资源信息；④野外调查和数据处理的计算机化．根据上述分析，建议在我国森林资源调查中采用以遥感和ＧＩＳ为基础的兼有环境监测功能的国家森林资源调查体系．

This paper formulates the recent trends and prospects of national forest inventory systems in the USA, Canada and Japan. Each system is analyzed relating to sampling methods, items of inventory, GIS, remote sensing, information management systems, publications and users. The main characteristics common in these countries are:① to gather the information covering all kinds of timber and nontimber resources,②Objectives of inventory are changed from repeated temporary field inventories to monitoring the change of forests and environment, ③ Remote sensing and GIS techniques are now being applied to CFI systems to provide uptodate forest information, and ④Computeraided system have been developed to acquire and process data efficiently. A modified national forest resources inventory system combined with a monitoring survey based on GIS and remote sensing is recommended for China.