论行政诉讼原告资格转移制度适用的条件

On the Condition of Plaintiff Qualification Transferring in Administrative Litigation

行政诉讼原告资格转移制度适用的条件在理论及司法实践中存在较多争议和矛盾,而其中存在的三个问题:公民被宣告失踪或宣告死亡、公民被限制人身自由和民事诉讼中原告资格转移的情况是否适用行政诉讼原告资格的转移,尤其重要且争议较大。在对其进行深入分析的基础上,总结行政诉讼原告资格转移制度适用的条件应包括四点:一是具有行政诉讼原告资格的主体发生了法定的特殊情况,具体可为在法律上已不复存在或有民事诉讼法规定的"原告资格转移"情况;二是具有法定的权利承受人;三是未超过起诉期限或诉讼中止期限;四是原告资格的被转移人依法不具有原告资格。

The conditions of plaintiff qualification transferring in administrative litigation are not recognized very clearly in theories and judicial proceedings. The paper analyzes three special problems： the citizen is declared dead or missing, and the citizen loses personal freedom or misses, and the civil litigation law ordains the instances about plaintiff qualification transferring. In accordance with the above analysis, the conditions are as follows： firstly, the subject of plaintiff qualification of administrative litigation does not exist in law or other special instance civil litigation law prescribes; Secondly, the subject receiving rights of original plaintiff is proscribed in law; Thirdly, the citizens don＇ t exceed the term to sue or the term of litigation pause; Forthly, the subject that receives successive plaintiff qualification does not have original plaintiff qualification itself.