室内氡子体的行为和防护措施

BEHAVIOUR OF INDOOR ^(222)Rn DAUGHTERS AND CONTROL MEASURES

室内氡对居民的辐射危害主要来自吸入氧的短寿命衰变产物。空气中的凝结核(例如粉尘或烟雾)的浓度是影响氡子体附着和沉积速率的主要因素。本文给出了氡子体浓度和通风、附着和沉积、以及放射性衰变之间的关系。并介绍了沉积速率的直接测量方法。基于对室内氡子体来源和行为的研究,推荐了控制居民的氡子体照射的一些措施(包括降低氡浓度和降低氡子体浓度),并简单地讨论了各种措施的有效性和局限性。

It has been identified by many works that the radiation de-triment to residents from indoor radon is primarily from inhalation of sh- ort-lived decay products of the radon.It is,therefore,of vital importan-ce to study sources and behaviour of radon daughters in indoor air andthe measures for reducing concentrations of radon daughters Concentrationof condensation nuclei(e.g.aerosol or smoke)in the air is the main fact-or influencing the rates of adhesion and deposition for Rn daughters.Ma-thematical relationship between Rn daughter concentrations and ventilation,adhesion and deposition,and radioactive decay was developed in the p-aper.Direct measurements of the deposition rates were also performed.Ba-sed on the study on sources and behaviour of Rn daughters in indoor air,various measures for controlling radiation exposure of residents to Rn da-ughters are recommended,including measures for reducing Rn concentrationand those for reducing Rn daughter concentrations.The effectiveness andlimitation of each measure are briefly assessed.