成年女性性传播疾病知识行为及危险因素研究

A Study on STD Related Knowledge and Behavior Among Adult Women and on the Risk Factors

目的了解成年女性性传播疾病(STD)相关知识和行为的现状,研究成年女性STD的危险因素,为预防和控制STD提供参考。方法随机抽取STD女患者170例为病例组,同时抽取健康女性172人为对照组,采用自行设计的"成年女性STD相关知识和行为调查问卷"进行调查。结果病例组STD相关知识及行为得分显著低于对照组(均P<0.01);STD知识得分越高者性行为及个人卫生习惯越好;单因素分析STD的危险因素有多个性伴、安全套的使用等。多因素分析示,STD相关知识缺乏、个人卫生习惯较差等是STD的危险因素。结论STD女患者对STD相关知识的知晓程度低于健康成年女性,在性行为及性卫生习惯和个人卫生习惯方面比健康成年女性差。护理人员应针对性加强对成年女性的健康教育,改变不良习惯,提高认知水平,争取性伴、家庭和社会支持是控制和预防STD发生和传播的关键。

Objective To demonstrate status quo of STD related knowledge and behavior among adult women, and to explore the risk factors for clincal prevention and intervention. Methods A case-control study was conducted by random sampling, 170 STD women were subject to a case group and 172 healthy women served as a control group. All of them were investigated by using a self-designed Adult Female STD-related Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire. Results The scores of STD-related knowledge and behavior in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0.01 for all） ; the higher scores of the STD related knowledge the participants achieved, the better sexual behavior and individual sanitation they had; the risk factors of STD included multiple sexual partners, use of condoms, ere, by one-factor analysis, and deficiency of STD-related knowledge, unhealthy individual sanitation, etc, by Logistic regression analysis. Conclusion The mastery of STD-related knowledge in women with STD is lower than healthy women, and their sexual behaviors, habits for sexual and personal hygiene are worse than healthy women. Nursing staff should strengthen health education to alter their unhealthy sexual behavior and habits, promote cognitive level, and to mobilize support from their family and society in an attempt to control and prevent STD.