城市不同绿地类型节肢动物群落害虫与天敌生态位研究

Study on Ecological Niche of Main Pests and Natural Enemies of Arthropod Community in Different Urban Greenbelt

[目的]研究不同园林绿地节肢动物各功能类群的生态位,为城市园林害虫的综合治理提供依据。[方法]按照立地条件、管护措施、人为影响等因素,在保定市植物配置丰富的绿地中选取4种不同绿地类型,研究主要害虫和天敌的生态位宽度和生态位重叠指数。[结果]4种不同绿地类型中均是刺吸类害虫的时间生态位最宽,天敌中捕食性天敌的时间生态位最宽。从时间生态位重叠上看,刺吸害虫与捕食天敌的生态位重叠:植物园>军校广场>滨河公园>竞秀公园。[结论]刺吸害虫危害期最长;捕食性天敌在时间上能有效跟随害虫并控制其危害。地处市郊、管护措施较好的植物园天敌昆虫对害虫的控制能力最强,能有效地减少害虫的种群数量。

[ Objective] The research aimed to study niche of arthropod in greenbelt, and provide gist for comprehensive treatment of pests. [ Method ] Four types of greenbelt were selected according to different management level, land standing and public action in ttrban greenbelt which species were abundance in Baoding.＇Pne date niche breadth and overlap of function groups of arthropod in different urban greenbeh were studied. [ Result ] In the four urban green- belt, the time niche of stick suction insect was most wide, the time niche of predatory natural enemy was most wide. The niche overlap of stick suction insect and predacious natural enemy in different ttrban greenbelt was as follow： Arl^retum 〉 Military＂ school square 〉 Shore Park 〉 Jingxiu Park. [Conclu- sion] The ham1 days of stick suction insect is most long,predatory natural enemy can follow and control pests in time .The ability of natural enemies to control the pests in Arboretum which is in suburb and better management level are the strongest and can cut down the pests species amount effectively.