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生物碳质吸附剂对水中有机污染物的吸附作用及机理 被引量:108

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摘要 以松针为生物质代表,通过控制不同炭化温度(100~700℃),制备了一系列生物碳质吸附剂,表征了其结构和表面特征;以4-硝基甲苯为目标,探讨吸附剂在水中对有机污染物的吸附性能、机理及与其结构特征之间的定量关系,为制备经济高效吸附剂和预测其吸附性能与机制提供理论依据.结果表明,生物碳质吸附剂的芳香性随炭化温度的升高而急剧增加、极性指数((N+O)/C)则急剧降低,逐渐从“软碳质”过渡到“硬碳质”,同时其比表面积则迅速增大.生物碳质吸附剂对水中4-硝基甲苯具有强的吸附能力,等温吸附曲线符合Freundlich方程,N指数和1gKf与其芳香性呈良好的线性关系.定量描述了分配作用与表面吸附对生物碳质总的吸附作用的贡献.表面吸附的贡献量随炭化温度升高而迅速增大,表面饱和吸附量与吸附剂的比表面积呈良好的线性正关系;硬碳质吸附剂的最大表面吸附量(Qmax,SA)与理论计算值(2.45μmol/m^2)相当,而软碳质吸附剂的Qmax.SA值则高于理论值.生物碳质的分配作用(Kom)取决于分配介质与有机污染物的“匹配性”和“有效性”,Kom值随(N+O)/C降低呈现先升高后降低的趋势.
出处 《中国科学(B辑)》 CSCD 北大核心 2008年第6期530-537,共8页 Science in China(Series B)
基金 国家自然科学基金(批准号:20577041) 教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(批准号:NCET-05-0525)资助项目
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参考文献20

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