农民工就业的职业选择、工资差异与人力资本约束

Occupational Choice,Wage Difference and Human Capital Restriction of Workers from Rural Areas

由于城镇劳动力市场的分割,农民工在非农就业过程中处于劣势地位,这与农民工自身的人力资本存量密切相关。文化程度、培训经历、打工年限、年龄和性别对农民工的职业选择、工资收入存在显著影响。因此,现阶段对农民工的人力资本投资应侧重普及农村基础教育和发展农村职业教育,加强农民工职业技能培训,规范和完善城市劳动力培训市场,以提高农民工人力资本存量,较好地解除农民工非农就业的人力资本约束。

Because of the segmentation of urban labor market, the workers from rural areas stand in an obvious inferior position in the process of off-farm job, which is related to their human capital. Education, training experience, years of off-farm job, age and gender all have significant effects on their occupational choice and income. Given the fact that they are unable to invest human capital independently, it is suggested that government emphasize particularly on the compulsory education and vocational education in rural areas, and strengthen their vocational skill training, and regulate urban labor training market.