歼击机座舱噪声对飞行员听力的影响

Effect of Fighter Cockpit Noise on Pilot Hearing.

为定量地描述飞机噪声对飞行员听力损伤程度，测量了歼击机座舱内的噪声，均在１１０ｄＢＡ左右，研究了飞机噪声引起的暂时性听力阈移（ＴＴＳ），发现ＴＴＳ２下降明显，有的频率高达１３ｄＢ。其恢复过程的特点是低频和语频部分较快，而高频部分较慢，检查了１６６名歼击机飞行员的听力，有轻度以上高频听力损失者达５３．６％，而且是随着飞行时间增加而加重的。由此说明飞机座舱噪声可以引起飞行员的永久性听力阈移，其损伤特点是先高频后语频，高频听力损失的Ｖ型凹点频率是６０００Ｈｚ。

In order to describe quantitatively the pilots’hearing injury by noise in fighter cockpit,the noise level was measured in the cockpit.The temporary threshold shift(TTS) was studied in 20 healthy young man and permanent threshold shift was examined in 166 fighter pilots.The results showed that noise level in cockpit was 110 dBA and TTS after 2 min noise exposure decreased signifilantly and reached 13 dB at a certain frequency.Its reco very course is faster in low frequency part and language frequency part than that in high frequency part.It was also found that 56% of the 166 pilots suffered from high frequency hearing loss and the percentage increased with flight time.The feature of hearing loss is that it occurs in high frequency at first,then in language frequency,forming a “V' shaped depression at 6000 Hz.It indicates that cockpit noise may cause permanent threshold shift of hearing.