十种蜂花粉醇提物中总多酚和总黄酮含量测定

Contents of Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Ethanol Extracts from Ten Kinds of Bee Pollen

为测定蜂花粉的功能性成分,用不同浓度乙醇对蒲公英、野菊花、桃花、山楂、野藿香、黄玫瑰、野玫瑰、黄柏、山花、五味子十种蜂花粉进行提取。结果表明:桃花花粉多酚提取适宜用水或低醇,野藿香花粉水提多酚提取量高于醇提物,山楂花粉和山花花粉适宜用70%乙醇提取多酚,其余六种蜂花粉选用70%～80%乙醇提取多酚效果比较好;山花花粉适宜用无水乙醇提取黄酮,野菊花花粉适宜用70%乙醇提取黄酮,其余八种蜂花粉选用80%乙醇提取黄酮效果较好。黄玫瑰花粉的总多酚和总黄酮含量均为最高,野藿香花粉中总多酚和总黄酮含量都最低。

In order to determine functional components of ten kinds of bee pollen, total polyphenols and flavonoids were extracted with different concentrations of ethanol, which are dandelion pollen, wild chrysanthemum pollen, peach pollen, hawthorn pollen, wild ageratum pollen, yellow rose pollen, wild rose pollen, amboyna pollen, mixed pollen and Schisandra chinensis pollen. The ten kinds of bee pollen were extracted with different concentrations of ethanol （0, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80% and 100%）. The best result is that polyphenols in peach pollen was extracted with water or lower concentration ethanol. Total polyphenols of wild ageratum pollen should be extracted with water. The optimum ethanol concentration for extracting total polyphenols from both hawthorn and mixed pollens is 70%, and that for extracting total polyphenols from other pollens is 70% to 80%. Total flavonoids of mixed pollen should be extracted with 100% ethanol, those of wild chrysanthemum pollen should be extracted with 70% ethanol, and the optimum ethanol concentration for extracting total flavonoids from other pollen is 80%. Yellow rose pollen has the highest polyphenol and flavonoid contents, but wild ageratum pollen has is reverse.