广西北海凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘中微型藻类组成调查

Primary Report of Species Composition of Microalgae in the Culture Ponds of Shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei in Beihai,Guangxi

于2007年4月至8月间,不定期到北海市侨港镇和大墩海的12口凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannei)养殖池塘采样调查微型藻类组成。结果表明,处于养殖前期的4口池塘,微型藻类种类数量相对较多,藻细胞密度相对较低,优势种类主要是硅藻和绿藻,两者的密度占到微型藻类总密度的80%～90%。处于养殖后期的8口池塘,微型藻类种类数量相对较少,藻细胞密度相对较高,优势种类主要是颤藻和裸藻。一味降低盐度促使对虾快速生长的养殖方法,不利于维持水体中有益藻类的生长和保持水质稳定。

By investigating of 12 culture ponds of Litopenaeus vannamei in Beihai, Guangxi, species composition and densities of microalgae have been studied. The results showed that during early periods of shrimp culture （4 ponds）, the species number was more and the density of microalgae was lower than those ponds in middle and late periods of shrimp culture. The dominant microalgae species in the early period of shrimp culture ponds were Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta, which was up to 80%- 90% of total microalgae abundance. However, the dominant microalgae species in the middle and late period of shrimp culture ponds were Ocillatoria and Euglenophyta. The results indicated that the means that reduced the water salinity to accelerate growth of the shrimp was harmful to the developing of salutary microalgae and maintaining the stability of water quality in shrimp ponds.