小麦免耕播种机驱动双向螺旋刀开沟防堵装置

Design and Experiment on the Dextral and Laevogyrate Helicoid Cutting Mechanism for No-till Drills

针对河北省一年两熟地区小麦免耕播种机存在的问题,提出利用驱动双向螺旋刀作为向种行两侧推开秸秆和切断种行上玉米根茬的开沟装置,通过分析确定了双向螺旋刀、弧形种肥开沟器的主要参数和双向螺旋刀在刀轴上的排列方案。田间试验表明,驱动双向螺旋刀具有较强的向种行两侧推开秸秆的能力,能够有效地切断或切碎种行上的玉米根茬,安装双向螺旋刀与弧形种肥开沟器的小麦免耕播种机通过性能较好;施肥深度为8.56 cm,播种深度为4.3 cm;出苗情况表明作业质量能够满足小麦播种要求。

A dextral and laevogyrate helicoid driven cutting mechanism was developed for no-till drills in the area of two crops a year of Hebei province. In the operation of the no-tillage wheat drill, the mechanism worked well, moving the residue from the row, cutting off the corn stalk and rootstalk, loosening the soil of the seedbed and opening the seed furrows. The key parameters of the mechanism and an arc seeding-fertilizing opener were optimized and the optimal arrangement of the dextral and laevogyrate helicoid cutting mechanism was determined. In the field with cover of crop stubble, the anti-blocking performance of the new no-tillage wheat drill was well. The experimental result showed that it has a good ability to move the residue from the row and cut corn stalk and rootstalk. The depth of seeding fertilizer is 8.56 cm and the seeding depth is 4.3 cm. A good seedbed was made which is beneficial to seeds germinating and seedlings growing.