南京高校大学生预防艾滋病同伴教育效果评价

Evaluation of the peer education of AIDS prevention in colleges and universities in Nanjing

目的:评价南京地区大学生预防艾滋病同伴教育的近期效果,为今后高校大学生预防艾滋病的健康教育提供依据。方法:2007年10月～2008年4月随机抽取南京地区15所高校4 500名大学生进行艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为的基线调查,然后从中随机分层整群抽取1 400名一年级至三年级在校学生进行同伴教育培训,作为同伴教育干预组,按同样的方法另选取2 000名学生作为同期对照组,半年后再进行相关认知调查,根据认知情况评价干预效果。结果:在对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率、安全性行为、艾滋病患者等问题持正向/积极态度或行为意向的比例上,干预组较干预前组、同期对照组有显著的提高(P<0.05);而同期对照组和干预前组在多数调查项目上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:同伴教育适用于大学生,近期效果明显,应用推广这一方式对预防和控制艾滋病传播具有非常重要的作用。

Objective： To evaluate the immediate effectiveness of peer education on AIDS prevention and provide bases for AIDS prevention education. Methods： A survey was conducted in October 2007 among 4 500 students from 15 colleges and universities in Nanjing on students＇ knowledge, attitude and behavior concerning AIDS. A training program for AIDS prevention peer education was carried out among 1 400 college students of Grade 1 to Grade 3 selected by the methods of stratified cluster sampling in these colleges and universities. A parallel comparison group was then made about the effectiveness of the peer education, students receiving training as the intervention group and another 2 000 students not receiving training as the control group. Results： Comparing the proportions of knowing AIDS＇s relative knowledge, having positive attitude to safe sex behavior and AIDS patients, the intervention group was significantly higher than pre-intervention group and parallel control group （P〈0.05）. The comparison between pre-intervention group and parallel control groups showed no statistical significances on several survey items （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Peer education is suitable for university students and has good immediate effectiveness. The application and generalization of this effective means plays a highly important role in preventing and controlling the spread of AIDS.