心血管外科学临床教学实践中的难点与对策

The dilemmas and the strategy in the clinical teaching of cardiovascular surgery

心血管外科学临床教学实践中存在着学员人数多、层次参差不齐、来源复杂的特点。同时，心血管外科学医疗风险高，而学员的医疗风险防范意识薄弱；心血管外科学病种多、病情复杂、病情变化快，而学员的基础相对较差，对心血管外科学的理篇不容易深入。针对上述教学难点，首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心血管外科采取分层化教学管理、理论与案例教学相结合、制定详细教学计划、紧密结合临床实际、重视基础理论教学等对策，取得了较好的教学效果。

Objective To promote the clinical teaching in cardiovascular surgery. Method In the clinical teaching of Anzhen Hospital, there were three dilemmas ： the trainees came from a various place with different level; and the trainees with low protection awareness faced the high legal risks in cardiovascular surgery; and the trainee with tenuous understanding basis faced the multiplicity and complex and diversity of cardiovascular disease. To solve these dilemmas, four different strategies were adopted. Results The trainee avoided the legal risks and got improvement in the cardiovascular surgery training, and fulfilled their tasks and needs respectively. Conclusions Different strategy should be adopted to solve the dilemmas in the clinical teaching of cardiovascular surgery.