短芒大麦耐盐变异体的筛选与鉴定

SELECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SALT-RESISTANT VARIANTS FROM HORDEUM BREVISULATUM

从短芒大麦的幼穗、幼胚和成熟胚诱导出愈伤组织，建立了胚性悬浮细胞系，再以悬浮培养细胞为材料，结合诱变剂甲基磺酸乙酯处理，在含盐培养基上筛选，得到耐１．２％ＮａＣｌ的耐盐变异体，将耐盐系转入无盐培养基中培养５代，再转入含盐培养基中，仍具有耐盐性。耐盐系的生理生化分析表明，愈伤组织的耐盐极限在１．５％ＮａＣｌ，耐１．２％ＮａＣｌ的愈伤组织的游离脯氨酸含量为对照的６．６８倍，说明脯氨酸参与了植物组织对盐胁迫的调节。相对电导率比对照小２９．９２％，说明耐盐愈伤组织的膜透性比非耐盐愈伤组织小，证实其耐盐力强。耐盐愈伤组织经过分化，获得少量耐盐植株，经耐盐鉴定，耐盐浓度可达４．０４％。

Calli were induced from immature embryos of Hordeum brevisubulatum, and embryogenic suspension cell cultures were established from the calli. By treating suspension cells with EMS, NaCl tolerant variants were selected from the saline medium. The cell cultures toleranted to 1.2% NaCl were established. NaCl tolerant calli were subcultured in salt free medium for five passes, and then transferred into saline medium, and they could grow well. It demonstrated its NaCl tolerant stability. Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that free L-Proline in 1.2% NaCl tolerant calli was as much as 6.68 times of the control, and relative conductive ratio was 29.92% lower than the control. Its esterase isozymes were different from the control, with two extra isozyme bands. All above analyses showed the same result that selected calli had some tolerent to sodium cholride. Regernerated plants were different from sodium chloride tolerent calli. Characterization of NaCl tolerance showed that the concentration of NaCl tolerance was 4.04%.