串联电池组充电模式研究

A new type of charge mode for charging series-connected batteries

针对基于电池组端电压的传统充电模式因不能实时有效地检测到各单只电池的状态而导致部分单只电池出现严重过充电,使得电池组寿命严重缩短甚至出现安全隐患的现象,提出了电池管理系统和充电机协调配合的充电模式,该模式通过电池管理系统和充电机之间的数据共享,使得能在充电过程中实时地得到各单只电池的电压、温度以及电池系统的故障等信息并将其纳入充电控制,改变充电电流,有效地保证电池组内所有单只电池不出现过充电,减小了充电对电池寿命的影响,提高了充电的安全性。基于该充电模式,以 Thevenin 电池模型为例详细地分析了电池模型参数的识别机理,并提出了基于电池容量和内阻的更加科学的电池组一致性评价体系。

In consideration of the fact that the traditional charge modes based on the terminal voltage of batteries results in serious shortening in batteries＇ cycle life and hidden safty troubles due to the serious overcharge because of uncertainty of each battery＇s status, the paper presents a new type of charge mode that enables a charger to charge series-connected batteries in cooperation with the battery management system （BMS）. By sharing data with BMS, the charger can gain very well information about every battery＇ s voltage, temperature and failures of the battery systems. According to this, the charger can adjust charging current in time, therefore, it ensures no overcharge of any battery occurs and reduces the influences of charging on batteries, and increases the safety of charging process. Under this charge mode, the Thevenin battery model as an example was adopted to analyze the principles of the model parameter identification, and an even more scientific consistency evaluation based on capacity and internal resistance is also presented.