我国中小企业国际化成长相关因素的实证分析

An empirical study on correlative factors in internationalized growth of Chinese Small and Median-sized enterprises

选取深圳证券交易所中小企业71家上市公司为样本,考察了我国中小企业国际化成长的影响因素。研究结果显示我国中小企业国际化成长与企业创业时间无关,与企业高管层的国际化知识经验水平及企业外资背景正相关,与企业资本/劳动比率和技术水平负相关。劳动密集型企业的国际化进程要优于资本密集型和高技术型企业。我国中小企业应提升高管层的国际化知识和经验水平,充分发挥"新生学习优势",从国际化的过程中增强对国际市场机会的判断和利用能力;同时,利用外资开展内向国际化,是提高外向国际化水平的有效途径。

The paper explores factors that are expected to influence the internationalization process of Chinese small and median-sized enterprises in a sample of 71 Chinese companies listing in Small and Median Enterprise Board of Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The results reveal that internationalization process is positively related to international knowledge and experience of top management team, and the firm＇s background of direct foreign investment, and is negatively related to the ratio of capital per labor of the firm and the technology level. Firm age has no correlation to the internationalization process. Labor-intensive SMEs pace better in internationalization than capital-intensive and high-tech ones. Chinese SMEs should improve the international knowledge and experience level of top management team and fully exert learning advantage of newness. FDI and inward internationalization is suggested as an efficient way to upgrade the outward internationalization of Chinese SMEs.