除尘砂轮机对作业环境粉尘浓度的控制效果及改进措施

Control Effect of Dedusting Grinding Wheels on Dust Concentration in Working Places

目的 探讨除尘砂轮机对作业环境粉尘浓度的影响，并从卫生工程角度提出对砂轮机的改进措施。方法依据GBZ159—2004《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》、GBZ／T192．1—2007《工作场所空气中粉尘测定第1部分：总粉尘浓度》，采用现场调查、现场检测、统计分析等方法对除尘砂轮机的除尘效果和除尘效率降低现象进行验证分析，提出砂轮机除尘系统普遍存在的问题。结果除尘砂轮机使砂轮问空气中的粉尘浓度由7．00～8．75mg／m^3降到3．80～4．50mg／m^3，达到了职业接触限值的要求。但在长期使用过程中，部分砂轮机的除尘效率逐年降低。结论除尘砂轮机有良好的收尘效果，但仍需做技术改进。

Objective To explore the effect of dedusting grinding wheels on dust concentration in the air of workplace , and analyze improved measures on grinding wheels. Methods According to Specifications of Air Sampling for Hasardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace （GBZ 159 -2004） and Method for Determination of Dust in the Air of Workplace Part 1： Total Dust Concentration》 （GBZ/T 192. 1 -2007）, the methods of field investigation, field detection and statistic analysis were carried out to analyze the dedusting effect. Results Dust concentration in the air of grinding wheel workplace effectively decreased from 7. 00 -8. 75 mg/m^3 to 3. 80 -4. 50 mg/m^3 used by dedusting grinding wheels, and the results accorded with the occupational exposure limits. However, dedusting efficiency of some parts of grinding wheels had lower and lower year by year. Conclusion Dedusting grinding wheels have a good dedusting effect, but some technical improvements need to be done.