17家蓄电池极板生产企业整改后职业病防护设施效果评价

Effect of Protective Measures of Occupational Hazards in 17 Enterprises after Technical Reform

目的评价某地17家乡镇蓄电池极板生产企业整改后职业病防护设施的效果。方法对17家生产企业作业场所空气中的铅尘、铅烟含量进行监测,对铅接触人员的血铅含量进行测定。结果对17家生产企业149个铅作业点进行了现场检测,共收集1 237件样品。其中,114个作业点合格,点合格率为76.5%;35个点TWA超标,铅尘TWA最高值为0.64 mg/m3,超过国家标准12.8倍,铅烟TWA最高值为0.167 mg/m3,超过国家标准5.6倍。对953名铅作业工人进行职业性健康体检,轻度铅中毒者8人,血铅水平偏高(≥400μg/L)112人,工人平均血铅水平为309μg/L。结论整改后的17家乡镇蓄电池极板生产企业的职业病防护设施较整改前完善,有较明显防护效果;但某些蓄电池极板生产企业铅作业岗位仍存在明显的职业危害情况,应进一步完善作业场所的卫生防护设施,为工人配备有效的个体防护用品。

Objective To evaluate the effect of protective measures of occupational hazards in 17 township enterprises producing storage - battery - plate after reformation. Methods The content of lead - dust and lead - fume in the air of the operation sites were detected in 17 enterprises, at the same time the blood lead level of the workers＇ exposed to lead was determined. Results 114 of 149 operation sites were up to the national standards with the qualified rate 76.5%. TWAs of 35 operation sites exceeded national standards, the maximum value of TWA for lead - dust was 0. 64 mg/m^3, which was over 12. 8 times of the national standards; the maximum value of TWA for lead - fume in the worksites was 0. 167 mg/m^3 , exceeding 5.6 times as the national standards. 833 workers were within the health standards, 8 workers exposed to lead were diagnosed light lead poisoning, the blood lead level of 112 workers was a little higher （≥400 ug/L）, and the average blood lead level of the workers was 309 ug/L Conclusion The protective measures and equipments of 17 enterprises are obviously better after technical reform. These enterprises should improve the hygienic protective measures, increase the power of local ventilation equipment, strengthen the health education and supervision to the workers, so as to prevent and control the occurrence of occupational lead poisoning accident.